• Mahāgovinda Sutta

Pañcasikha visits the Buddha at Gijjhakūta and tells him of a meeting once held in Tāvatimsa. At this meeting Sakka rejoices with the devas of Tāvatimsa over the increase in their numbers owing to the appearance in their midst of new devas produced by the good kamma of the followers of the new view of life put forward by the Buddha. Sakka expresses his joy in a song and then utters an eulogy on the eight qualities of the Buddha. Brahmā Sanankumāra appears and desires to hear the eulogy, which is, accordingly, repeated for his benefit. Sanankumāra says that the Buddha has ever been thus wise, and tells the story of Disampati and his son Renu. Disampati has a purohita called Govinda and when he dies Disampati is distressed, but, at the suggestion of Renu, appoints Govinda's son Jotipāla in his place.

On the death of Disampati Renu becomes king, and, with Jotipāla's help, divides his kingdom into seven to be shared by himself and six of his friends, the divisions of the kingdom being:

• Dantapura
• Potana
• Māhissati
• Roruka
• Mithilā
• Campā
• Bārānasi

and the kings, respectively, are:

• Sattabhū
• Brahmadatta
• Vessabhū
• Bharata
• Renu
• two Dhataratthas

Jotipāla, now called Mahāgovinda by virtue of his post, trains seven others to fill the posts of stewards to the seven kings. Mahāgovinda acquires the reputation of having seen Brahmā face to face, and, in order to justify this reputation, he takes leave of Renu and practises meditation for four months. During his meditation, Sanankumāra appears before him and tells him that he may see Brahmā face to face and attain communion with him. Here we have the teaching regarding the ideal brahmin. Mahāgovinda decides to leave the world and carry out the teachings of Sanankumāra. Having obtained the leave of his master, he enters the homeless life, where he practises the four ecstasies of love, pity, sympathy in joy and equanimity. He teaches these to his disciples, and, after death, they are all born into the Brahma world.

At the end of Pañcasikha's recital, the Buddha tells him that he himself was Mahāgovinda and therefore remembers all that life. D.ii.220 51; cp. Janavasabha Sutta, also Mtu.iii.197ff.

In the Mahāgovinda Sutta, brahmacariyā is explained as the four infinities (appamaññā), infinite love, etc. DA.i.178; MA.i.275.